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​英语名词性从句是什么意思 英语名词性从句定义及例句

2024-02-22 08:56 来源:海蔻通 点击:

英语名词性从句是什么意思 英语名词性从句定义及例句

名词性从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词,可作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。因此,名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

1、主语从句

主语从句在复合句中作句子的主语。引导主语从句的词有连词that, whether;连接代词who, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever等;连接副词when, where, why, how, how much, how many, how far等。

1. 连词that在主语从句中不作任何成分,只起连接作用,无意义,不能省略。

2. 连词whether在主语从句中不作任何成分,只起连接作用,意为“是否”。

3. 连接代词who, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever等在主语从句中常作主语、宾语、表语,起连接作用,有意义。what在主语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或补足语。

4. 连接副词when, where, why, how, how much, how many, how far等引导主语从句时,常作时间、地点、原因、方式等状语,起连接作用,有意义。

5. 当主语从句太长,为了平衡句子结构,常用it作形式主语放在句首,而将that引导的主语从句放在句子的末尾。此类常见的句型结构有:

1) it+be+形容词+that从句:It’s strange that she knows nothing about it.

2) it+be+名词+that从句:It’s a wonder that he is still alive.

3) it+be动词+that从句:Is it that the gentleman is not your uncle?

4) it+动词(+宾语/状语)+that从句:It never occurred to me that perhaps she was lying.

5) it+动词的被动语态+that从句:It’s said that there has been an earthquake in Japan.

在口语中that有时可以省略:

It was clear her words pleased him.

It’s not our fault this has happened.

It strikes me Jack is a good boy.

6. 用it作形式主语放在句首,而将从属连词、连接代/副词引导的主语从句放在句子的末尾的常见句型结构有:

1) it+be+形容词+从句:It’s uncertain whether the game will be held.

2) it+be+名词+从句:It’s a puzzle how life began.

3) it+动词(+宾语/状语)+从句:It doesn’t matter much where we live.

4) it+动词的被动语态+从句:It is not decided who will perform it.

2、宾语从句

在复合句中作句子的宾语的从句被称为宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词有连词that, whether, if;连接代词who, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever等;连接副词when, where, why, how等。

1. 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置,该宾语从句可用任何词引导。常用的句型有:

1) …make it

possible/easy/difficult… that… 使……可能/容易/难……

2) …find/feel/think it necessary/important… that… 发觉/认为……必要/重要

3) …make it clear that… 说清楚……

4) …make it a rule that… 使……成为习惯……

5) …take it for granted that… 认为……是理所当然的

6) …bring it to one’s attention that… 使……被某人注意到,使某人注意到……

7) …see to it that… 务必……,一定注意到……

2. 宾语从句的否定转移:当主句谓语动词是think, believe, imagine, suppose, expect等,且主语是第一人称I/we时,习惯上将否定词not转移到主句中,形式上否定主句谓语,而实际上否定的是从句谓语。

3、表语从句

在复合句中作句子的表语的从句被称为表语从句。引导表语从句的词有连词that, whether, as if;连接代词who, which, what, whoever, whatever, whichever等;连接副词when, where, why, how等。

1. 表语从句要用陈述语序。例如:The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.

2. 在有表语从句的复合句中,主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。例如:The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.

3. 连词that在表语从句中一般不可以省掉。例如:What I told him was that I would find him a good play.

4、同位语从句

在主从复合句中,用作同位语的从句,称为同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词的后面,用以说明或解释前面的名词,引导同位语从句的词有连词that, whether;连接代词what, who;连接副词when, where, why, how…等都引导同位语从句。

1. 连词that引导同位语从句时,从句为一个句意完整的陈述句。that不能省略,没有具体的意思,不充当任何句子成分,只起连接作用。

2. 用连词that引导的同位语从句解释或说明的名词有:fact, news, belief, doubt, hope, idea, conclusion, message, proof, feeling, possibility, thought, promise, impression, report, opinion, order等。

3. 同位语从句有时和前面的名词分开。例如:The story goes that he often beats his children.